Estimate the electric field strength at the focus of a pulsed, Q-switched, ruby laser beam. The focal spot has a diameter of 10-4 m. The energy of the pulse is 2 J, and the pulse has a FWHM of 10 ns.
Describe mathematically the field-dependent nonlinear index. Explain how this quantity is made manifest phenomenologically in damaging optical components subjected to high-peak-power laser radiation.
An longitudinal electro-optic modulator has an intrinsic transmission of 95% (5% insertion loss). The crystal in it is 3 mm long. A light beam with a wavelength of 633 nm is directed through it. Voltage is applied so that the induced change in index of refraction is 0.0001. Calculate the transmission of the electro-optic modulator.
Problem 4:
Define the difference in operation for an electro-optic modulator operated in the longitudinal and transverse modes. Draw a diagram illustrating each configuration. Compare the characteristics of each mode.